Azure Interview Questions And Answers

Last Updated on September 11, 2024 by Arnav Sharma

Part 1 (1 to 45 Questions): 180 Azure Interview Questions And Answers in 2024

Part 2 (46 to 90 Questions): Azure Interview Questions And Answers – Part 2

Part 3 (90 to 134 Questions): Azure Interview Questions And Answers – Part 3

Part 4 (135 to 180 Questions): Azure Interview Questions And Answers – Part 4

135. How does Azure Private Link help with improving security?

Azure Private Link enables secure access to Azure services over a private network, eliminating exposure to the public internet. It provides private endpoints within your virtual network, ensuring data privacy and compliance by keeping traffic within the Azure backbone network.

136. What is Azure Cosmos DB? Provide an example of querying data using the SQL API in JavaScript.

Azure Cosmos DB is a globally distributed, multi-model NoSQL database service. Example of querying data using the SQL API in JavaScript:

const { CosmosClient } = require("@azure/cosmos");

const client = new CosmosClient({ endpoint: "<your-endpoint>", key: "<your-key>" });
const database = client.database("my-database");
const container = database.container("my-container");

async function queryData() {
  const querySpec = {
    query: "SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id = @id",
    parameters: [{ name: "@id", value: "my-id" }]
  };

  const { resources: results } = await container.items.query(querySpec).fetchAll();
  results.forEach(item => {
    console.log(item);
  });
}

queryData().catch(err => {
  console.error(err);
});

137. How can Azure Data Share be used to share data between different organizations?

Azure Data Share enables secure and controlled data sharing between organizations. You can create a data share, define datasets to share, invite recipients, and configure access permissions. Recipients can then accept the share and access the shared data, ensuring data privacy and compliance.

138. Explain Azure Application Insights and provide an example of tracking a custom event in an ASP.NET Core application.

Azure Application Insights is a monitoring service for applications. It provides insights into application performance, usage, and diagnostics. Example of tracking a custom event in an ASP.NET Core application:

using Microsoft.ApplicationInsights;
using Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Extensibility;

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    private readonly TelemetryClient _telemetryClient;

    public HomeController(TelemetryClient telemetryClient)
    {
        _telemetryClient = telemetryClient;
    }

    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        // Track a custom event
        _telemetryClient.TrackEvent("CustomEvent", new Dictionary<string, string>
        {
            { "Key", "Value" }
        });

        return View();
    }
}

139. Describe the role of Azure Redis Cache and provide an example of using it as a distributed cache in a Python application.

Azure Redis Cache is a managed, in-memory cache that provides high performance and scalability for applications. Example of using it as a distributed cache in a Python application:

import redis

# Connect to Azure Redis Cache
r = redis.StrictRedis(host='<your-redis-cache-name>.redis.cache.windows.net', port=6380, db=0, password='<your-password>', ssl=True)

# Set a value in the cache
r.set('mykey', 'myvalue')

# Get the value from the cache
value = r.get('mykey')
print(value.decode('utf-8'))

140. Explain Azure Service Bus and provide an example of sending a message to a Service Bus queue using the Azure SDK for Java.

Azure Service Bus is a fully managed messaging service that provides reliable and secure communication between distributed applications. Example of sending a message to a Service Bus queue using the Azure SDK for Java:

import com.azure.messaging.servicebus.*;

public class ServiceBusExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String connectionString = "<your-connection-string>";
        String queueName = "<your-queue-name>";

        ServiceBusSenderClient senderClient = new ServiceBusClientBuilder()
            .connectionString(connectionString)
            .sender()
            .queueName(queueName)
            .buildClient();

        senderClient.sendMessage(new ServiceBusMessage("Hello, Service Bus!"));
        senderClient.close();
    }
}

141. How do you create a simple pipeline using the Copy Data wizard in the Azure Portal?

To create a simple pipeline using the Copy Data wizard in the Azure Portal:

Navigate to the Azure Data Factory instance.
Click on “Author & Monitor.”
Select “Copy Data” from the Ingest menu.
Define the properties for the copy task, including source and destination data stores.
Configure the source and destination settings, including file paths and formats.
Schedule the pipeline run or run it immediately.
Review the summary and click “Finish” to create and run the pipeline.

142. Explain Azure Functions and provide an example of a durable timer using Durable Functions in JavaScript.

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that allows you to run event-driven code without managing servers. Example of a durable timer using Durable Functions in JavaScript:

const df = require("durable-functions");

module.exports = df.orchestrator(function* (context) {
    const waitTime = "00:00:30"; // Wait for 30 seconds
    yield context.df.createTimer(new Date(Date.now() + 30 * 1000));

    context.log("Timer expired, continuing orchestration...");
});

143. Provide an example for creating a build pipeline using a YAML definition file.

Example of a YAML definition file for creating a build pipeline in Azure DevOps:

trigger:
- main

pool:
  vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:
- task: UsePythonVersion@0
  inputs:
    versionSpec: '3.x'
    addToPath: true

- script: |
    python -m pip install --upgrade pip
    pip install -r requirements.txt
  displayName: 'Install dependencies'

- script: |
    python -m unittest discover
  displayName: 'Run tests'

144. Explain Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) and provide an example of how to configure authentication for an ASP.NET Core application.

Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) is a cloud-based identity and access management service. It provides authentication, single sign-on, and access control for applications. Example of configuring authentication for an ASP.NET Core application:

// In Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddAuthentication(AzureADDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
        .AddAzureAD(options => Configuration.Bind("AzureAd", options));
    services.AddControllersWithViews();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    app.UseAuthentication();
    app.UseAuthorization();
    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints => endpoints.MapDefaultControllerRoute());
}

145. Explain Azure Blob Storage and Azure Blob Storage lifecycle management and provide an example of a lifecycle management policy.

Azure Blob Storage is a service for storing large amounts of unstructured data. Lifecycle management helps automate blob tiering and data retention policies. Example of a lifecycle management policy:

{
  "rules": [
    {
      "name": "MoveBlobsToCool",
      "enabled": true,
      "definition": {
        "filters": {
          "blobTypes": ["blockBlob"],
          "prefixMatch": ["container1/"]
        },
        "actions": {
          "baseBlob": {
            "tierToCool": {
              "daysAfterModificationGreaterThan": 30
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

146. Explain the role of the Azure API Management service and provide an example of how to create an instance using the Azure Portal.

Azure API Management is a service that allows you to create, manage, and secure APIs. It provides features like API gateways, developer portals, and analytics. Example of creating an instance using the Azure Portal:

Navigate to the Azure Portal and search for “API Management.”
Click “Create” and fill in the required fields (e.g., name, resource group, pricing tier).
Configure the settings for the API Management instance.
Review and create the instance.
Once created, configure APIs, policies, and access controls as needed.

147. How does Azure Logic Apps differ from Azure Functions? Provide an example of a simple Logic App workflow trigger by an HTTP request.

Azure Logic Apps is a workflow automation service, while Azure Functions is a serverless compute service for running code. Example of a simple Logic App workflow triggered by an HTTP request:

Create a new Logic App in the Azure Portal.
Add a trigger for “When an HTTP request is received.”
Define the request schema and method.
Add actions to the workflow (e.g., send an email, create a record).
Save and deploy the Logic App.
Copy the HTTP endpoint URL and test by sending a request.

148. Can you explain the difference between Azure VPN Gateway and Azure Virtual WAN?

Azure VPN Gateway: Provides secure site-to-site, point-to-site, and VNet-to-VNet connectivity over the internet using IPsec/IKE protocols.
Azure Virtual WAN: A networking service that provides optimized and automated branch connectivity to Azure and across Azure regions. It integrates VPN, ExpressRoute, and SD-WAN within an Azure subscription, simplifying large-scale network architecture.

149. Explain Azure SQL Database and provide an example of performing CRUD operations using Entity Framework Core (EF Core) in a .NET Core application.

Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database service. Example of performing CRUD operations using EF Core:

// Install EF Core packages: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer, Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools

public class Product
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }
}

public class AppDbContext : DbContext
{
    public DbSet<Product> Products { get; set; }

    protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {
        optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer("<your-connection-string>");
    }
}

// Create
var product = new Product { Name = "Laptop", Price = 999.99m };
dbContext.Products.Add(product);
dbContext.SaveChanges();

// Read
var products = dbContext.Products.ToList();

// Update
var productToUpdate = dbContext.Products.First();
productToUpdate.Price = 899.99m;
dbContext.SaveChanges();

// Delete
var productToDelete = dbContext.Products.First();
dbContext.Products.Remove(productToDelete);
dbContext.SaveChanges();

150. Explain the Azure Resource Graph service.

Azure Resource Graph is a service that enables efficient exploration and querying of Azure resources at scale. It provides a query language to perform complex queries across multiple subscriptions, helping to gain insights, manage resources, and enforce governance.

151. What is Azure Logic Apps’ Consumption vs. Fixed plan, and how to create a simple Logic App using a Fixed plan?

Consumption plan: Pay-per-use pricing model, where you are billed based on the number of actions executed.
Fixed plan: Offers predictable pricing with fixed cost tiers, ideal for scenarios with consistent usage.

To create a Logic App using a Fixed plan:

Navigate to the Azure Portal and create a new Logic App.
Select the “Standard” (fixed) plan.
Define the workflow, triggers, and actions as needed.
Save and deploy the Logic App.

152. Describe Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 and provide an example of how to create a Data Lake Storage Gen2 account using Azure CLI.

Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is a scalable and secure data lake solution built on Azure Blob Storage. It provides hierarchical namespace, high throughput, and integration with analytics services. Example of creating a Data Lake Storage Gen2 account using Azure CLI:

# Create a resource group
az group create --name myResourceGroup --location eastus

# Create a storage account with hierarchical namespace enabled
az storage account create --name mydatalakestorage --resource-group myResourceGroup --location eastus --sku Standard_LRS --kind StorageV2 --hierarchical-namespace true

153. Describe the role of Azure Virtual Machines Scale Sets and provide an example of creating a Virtual Machine Scale Set using Azure CLI.

Azure Virtual Machines Scale Sets enable you to deploy and manage a set of identical VMs, providing auto-scaling and high availability. Example of creating a VM Scale Set using Azure CLI:

# Create a resource group
az group create --name myResourceGroup --location eastus

# Create a VM Scale Set
az vmss create --resource-group myResourceGroup --name myScaleSet --image UbuntuLTS --upgrade-policy-mode automatic --admin-username azureuser --generate-ssh-keys

154. Provide an example of training a simple model using the Azure Machine Learning Python SDK.

Example of training a simple model using the Azure Machine Learning Python SDK:

from azureml.core import Workspace, Experiment
from azureml.train.automl import AutoMLConfig
from azureml.core.dataset import Dataset

# Connect to workspace
ws = Workspace.from_config()

# Create an experiment
experiment = Experiment(ws, "my-experiment")

# Load data
data = Dataset.get_by_name(ws, "my-dataset")

# Define AutoML configuration
automl_config = AutoMLConfig(
    task="classification",
    training_data=data,
    label_column_name="label",
    primary_metric="accuracy",
    max_trials=5,
    compute_target="my-compute-cluster"
)

# Submit experiment
run = experiment.submit(automl_config)
run.wait_for_completion(show_output=True)

155. What is Azure Data Explorer primarily used for?

Azure Data Explorer is a fast and highly scalable data exploration service primarily used for analyzing large volumes of structured and semi-structured data. It is ideal for log and telemetry data, time-series analysis, and interactive data exploration.

156. What is Azure DevOps practice?

Azure DevOps practice encompasses the tools, processes, and practices that enable development teams to deliver software efficiently. It includes version control, continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD), testing, monitoring, and collaboration, facilitated by Azure DevOps services like Azure Repos, Pipelines, Boards, and Test Plans.

157. What is the function of Azure Notification Hubs?

Azure Notification Hubs is a scalable push notification service that enables you to send notifications to millions of devices across various platforms, including iOS, Android, and Windows. It supports templated messages, tag-based routing, and localization, making it easy to target specific audiences.

158. How does Azure Time Series Insights work?

Azure Time Series Insights is an end-to-end IoT analytics service that ingests, stores, and analyzes time-series data. It works by collecting data from IoT devices, storing it in a scalable environment, and providing tools for querying, visualizing, and analyzing the data to gain insights and detect

160. What are the key responsibilities of an Azure Administrator?

An Azure Administrator is responsible for managing Azure subscriptions and resources, implementing and managing storage, configuring and managing virtual networks, managing identities, and ensuring security and compliance. They also monitor and manage Azure VMs, handle backup and recovery, and optimize Azure resources.

161. How do you optimize Azure VMs for performance and cost?

To optimize Azure VMs for performance and cost:

Choose the right VM size: Select VMs that match the workload requirements.
Use scaling: Implement VM Scale Sets to automatically scale up or down based on demand.
Reserve instances: Use reserved instances for long-term workloads to get cost savings.
Monitor usage: Regularly monitor performance metrics and adjust resources as needed.
Shut down idle VMs: Use automation to shut down VMs when not in use.

162. Can you explain Azure Compute and its services?

Azure Compute provides on-demand computing resources for running applications and services. It includes services like Azure VMs, Azure App Service, Azure Functions, Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), and Azure Batch. These services enable scalable, flexible, and reliable cloud computing solutions.

163. What is the role of Azure Web Apps in cloud development?

Azure Web Apps is a service offered by Azure that enables developers to build, deploy, and scale web applications easily. It supports multiple programming languages and frameworks, provides built-in load balancing and auto-scaling, and integrates with DevOps tools for continuous deployment.

164. How does Azure support object storage?

Azure supports object storage through Azure Blob Storage. It provides scalable, durable, and secure storage for unstructured data, such as documents, images, videos, and backups. Blob Storage is ideal for storing massive amounts of data that need to be accessed frequently or infrequently.

165. What are the advantages of using SQL Azure?

SQL Azure is a fully managed relational database service that provides high availability, scalability, and security. It offers automatic backups, patching, and monitoring, supports advanced analytics and machine learning, and integrates seamlessly with other Azure services.

166. What are the top skills required for an Azure Developer?

Top skills required for an Azure Developer include:

Proficiency in cloud computing concepts.
Experience with Azure services like Azure Functions, App Service, and AKS.
Knowledge of DevOps practices and tools like Azure DevOps and CI/CD pipelines.
Understanding of security best practices in Azure.
Familiarity with programming languages like C#, Java, and Python.

167. How do you configure Azure Firewall to protect your network?

Azure Firewall is a managed network security service that protects your Azure Virtual Network resources. To configure Azure Firewall:

Create an Azure Firewall instance.
Define and apply network rules, application rules, and NAT rules to control traffic flow.
Integrate with Azure Monitor for logging and analytics.
Use threat intelligence to detect and prevent malicious activities.

168. What is an Azure Web App and how does it differ from a traditional web application?

An Azure Web App is a cloud-based service that allows you to build, deploy, and scale web applications quickly and easily. Unlike traditional web applications, Azure Web Apps provide automatic scaling, load balancing, high availability, and seamless integration with DevOps tools, eliminating the need for managing infrastructure.

169. How do you ensure high availability for SQL Azure databases?

To ensure high availability for SQL Azure databases:

Use Geo-Replication to create readable replicas in different regions.
Implement Active Geo-Replication for disaster recovery.
Use SQL Database Managed Instance for built-in high availability.
Monitor database performance and set up alerts for potential issues.

170. How do you manage Azure Web Apps using the Azure Portal?

To manage Azure Web Apps using the Azure Portal:

Navigate to the Azure Portal and select your Web App.
Use the overview dashboard to monitor performance and health.
Configure settings like custom domains, SSL certificates, and deployment slots.
Scale the app by adjusting the pricing tier or adding instances.
Implement backup and restore for your Web App.

171. What are Azure VM Scale Sets and how do they work?

Azure VM Scale Sets are a service that allows you to deploy and manage a set of identical VMs. They provide automatic scaling and high availability, ensuring that your applications can handle increased traffic and maintain performance by adding or removing VMs based on demand.

172. How do you create and manage an Azure account?

To create and manage an Azure account:

Sign up for an Azure account on the Azure website.
Use the Azure Portal to manage subscriptions, create resource groups, and deploy services.
Configure billing and payment methods.
Set up access control and security policies.
Monitor usage and cost through the Azure Cost Management tool.

173. How do you configure a cloud service configuration file in Azure?

A cloud service configuration file in Azure, usually named ServiceConfiguration.cscfg, defines the configuration settings for a cloud service. To configure it:

Define the settings, roles, and instances in the .cscfg file.
Upload the file to the Azure Portal or include it in your deployment package.
Use the Azure SDK or management tools to modify and apply the configuration settings.

174. What is Azure Redis Cache Service and how is it used?

Azure Redis Cache Service is a managed, in-memory cache that provides high performance and scalability for cloud applications. It is used to store frequently accessed data, reduce latency, and improve application performance by caching data and objects in a Redis database.

175. How do you prepare for an Azure interview as an experienced professional?

To prepare for an Azure interview as an experienced professional:

Review the top Azure services and their use cases.
Understand Azure security and compliance best practices.
Get hands-on experience with Azure DevOps and CI/CD pipelines.
Familiarize yourself with common Azure interview questions and answers.
Stay updated on the latest Azure features and services.

176. What are some frequently asked Azure interview questions for freshers?

Some frequently asked Azure interview questions for freshers include:

What is cloud computing and how does Azure fit into it?
Explain the different types of cloud services offered by Azure.
How do you create and manage a virtual machine in Azure?
What are Azure Resource Groups and why are they used?
How do you deploy an application using Azure App Service?

177. How does Azure SLA ensure service reliability and availability?

Azure Service Level Agreement (SLA) ensures service reliability and availability by defining specific performance standards and guarantees for Azure services. If Azure fails to meet the SLA, customers are eligible for service credits. The SLA typically includes uptime guarantees, response times, and support availability.

178. How do you configure Azure Web Apps for continuous deployment?

To configure Azure Web Apps for continuous deployment:

Connect your Web App to a source control system like GitHub, Azure Repos, or Bitbucket.
Set up a CI/CD pipeline using Azure DevOps, GitHub Actions, or other CI/CD tools.
Define the build and release pipeline, including build triggers, testing, and deployment stages.
Configure deployment slots for staging and production environments.
Monitor the deployment process and troubleshoot any issues.

179. How do you use Azure VM Scale Sets for high availability and scalability?

Azure VM Scale Sets provide high availability and scalability by automatically scaling the number of VM instances based on demand. To use VM Scale Sets:

Define the scale set configuration, including VM size, image, and scaling rules.
Deploy the scale set and specify the initial number of instances.
Configure autoscaling policies to add or remove instances based on metrics like CPU usage, memory usage, or custom metrics.
Monitor the scale set performance and adjust scaling rules as needed.

180. How do you manage Azure Web Apps using the Azure CLI?

To manage Azure Web Apps using the Azure CLI:

Install the Azure CLI on your local machine.
Use commands like az webapp create to create a new web app.
Configure settings using commands like az webapp config set.
Deploy applications using az webapp deployment.
Monitor and manage the web app using commands like az webapp show and az webapp log.

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ByArnav Sharma